spring之无法在 Spring Boot 应用程序中加载驱动程序类 : org. h2.Driver

我正在尝试通过创建一个虚拟项目来学习微服务。 我在 git 中有一个配置存储库，还有一个在端口 8888 运行的配置服务器。它工作正常，我可以看到我的设置如下:

现在我有两个微服务项目 1) 客户服务和 2) 客户帐户服务。客户微服务正常运行，而客户帐户微服务无法启动并抛出以下异常:

*Caused by: org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource]: Factory method 'dataSource' threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot load driver class: org.h2.Driver 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:185) ~[spring-beans-5.0.11.RELEASE.jar:5.0.11.RELEASE] 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:583) ~[spring-beans-5.0.11.RELEASE.jar:5.0.11.RELEASE] 
    ... 66 common frames omitted 
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot load driver class: org.h2.Driver 
    at org.springframework.util.Assert.state(Assert.java:94) ~[spring-core-5.0.11.RELEASE.jar:5.0.11.RELEASE] 
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceProperties.determineDriverClassName(DataSourceProperties.java:224) ~[spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.0.7.RELEASE.jar:2.0.7.RELEASE] 
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceProperties.initializeDataSourceBuilder(DataSourceProperties.java:176) ~[spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.0.7.RELEASE.jar:2.0.7.RELEASE] 
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceConfiguration.createDataSource(DataSourceConfiguration.java:43) ~[spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.0.7.RELEASE.jar:2.0.7.RELEASE] 
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceConfiguration$Hikari.dataSource(DataSourceConfiguration.java:83) ~[spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.0.7.RELEASE.jar:2.0.7.RELEASE] 
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_144] 
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_144] 
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_144] 
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_144] 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:154) ~[spring-beans-5.0.11.RELEASE.jar:5.0.11.RELEASE] 
    ... 67 common frames omitted* 

customer-account-microservice 的 bootstrap.properties 配置如下:

customer-account-microservice 的 pom.xml 配置如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 
    <parent> 
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> 
        <version>2.0.7.RELEASE</version> 
        <relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> 
    </parent> 
    <groupId>com.microservice</groupId> 
    <artifactId>customer-account-microservice</artifactId> 
    <version>1</version> 
    <name>customer-account-microservice</name> 
    <description>Spring starter project for demonstrating spring feign client and circuit breaker</description> 
 
    <properties> 
        <java.version>1.8</java.version> 
        <spring-cloud-services.version>2.0.3.RELEASE</spring-cloud-services.version> 
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.SR2</spring-cloud.version> 
    </properties> 
 
    <dependencies> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> 
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId> 
            <version>2.7.0</version> 
            <scope>compile</scope> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> 
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId> 
            <version>2.7.0</version> 
            <scope>compile</scope> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>io.pivotal.spring.cloud</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-services-starter-circuit-breaker</artifactId> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> 
        </dependency> 
 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> 
            <scope>runtime</scope> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> 
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> 
            <optional>true</optional> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> 
            <scope>test</scope> 
        </dependency> 
    </dependencies> 
 
    <dependencyManagement> 
        <dependencies> 
            <dependency> 
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> 
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version> 
                <type>pom</type> 
                <scope>import</scope> 
            </dependency> 
            <dependency> 
                <groupId>com.h2database</groupId> 
                <artifactId>h2</artifactId> 
                <scope>runtime</scope> 
            </dependency> 
            <dependency> 
                <groupId>io.pivotal.spring.cloud</groupId> 
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-services-dependencies</artifactId> 
                <version>${spring-cloud-services.version}</version> 
                <type>pom</type> 
                <scope>import</scope> 
            </dependency> 
        </dependencies> 
    </dependencyManagement> 
 
    <build> 
        <plugins> 
            <plugin> 
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> 
            </plugin> 
        </plugins> 
    </build> 
 
</project> 

请帮我解决上述异常。

请您参考如下方法:

看来你的依赖

<dependency> 
    <groupId>com.h2database</groupId> 
    <artifactId>h2</artifactId> 
    <scope>runtime</scope> 
</dependency> 

必须位于dependency 元素中，而不是位于dependencyManagement 中。看看this 。或者您可能有一个子工件，在这种情况下您必须共享另一个 pom xml。